Much has been made over the “gun-show loophole,” which is really no more than the absence of a gun show exception to the general rule that licensed firearm dealers are required to conduct background checks on sales while private sellers are not. Now Philly is up in arms over the “Florida Loophole,” which allows Pennsylvania residents to carry concealed weapons with permits issued by reciprocal states, most commonly Florida, while the gunnies argue that the real loophole is a law allowing Philadelphia to impose all sorts of crazy restrictions on their own permits that are not generally provided for under state law, thereby providing the only real incentive to go out of state in the first place. Where the issue is controversial, as in these two examples, a meta-debate invariably arises over whether the “loophole” in question should indeed be considered a loophole. All this begs the question of what a “loophole” is.
Tam snarks that “loophole” is just a shorthand for “People Doing Legal $#!t I Don’t Like.” While amusing, I’m not sure this definition really works. On the one hand, I don’t think anyone in his right mind would dispute that a Massachusetts law that prohibits adults from disseminating “any matter harmful to minors,” including handwritten or printed materials but not emails or text messages contains a loophole. On the other, I have yet to hear even the most ardent gun control advocate refer to the expiration of the “assault” weapons ban or the lawful concealed carry with a permit from one’s state of domicile as a “loophole,” nor have I heard the safety Nazis who pine for the days of the national 55 mph speed limit describe today’s higher limits as a “loophole.” The difference is not so much between legal “stuff” I don’t like as between stuff I’m pretty sure the Legislature didn’t intend to be legal, either. Did the Massachusetts really mean to allow pedophiles to email or text messages to minors? If not, then the SJC has either gone completely off the deep end with their ruling, or they have uncovered a loophole. But if the Legislature really did intend this result, then it means the Legislature is batshit crazy, not that the resulting law (or lack thereof) should be considered a loophole.
Think of bugs vs. features. Not all features are good. Some, in fact, are quite bad, enough so that in a rare instance, the right bug might actually be good. It all goes to the programmer’s intent. Divining a legislature’s intent can be a bit trickier, of course, as one legislator’s bug may be another’s feature. If the final vote was close, it could be anyone’s guess whether closing the (alleged) loophole would have prevented the bill from passing. Then again, if someone offered an amendment to close the alleged loophole, and that amendment failed, then we have to presume that the legislature knew of the potential shortcoming of the law and deliberately enacted it anyway. We may never know what the Pennsylvania Legislature intended at the time they enacted the reciprocity law – were they thinking about Pennsylvania residents or not? – so the best evidence we’ll get is how the they address the alleged loophole (or, depending on your perspective, both of them) now that it’s been brought to everyone’s attention.